/* =========================================
   ROOT & DESIGN TOKENS
   ========================================= */
:root {
  --gold:       #c9a84c;
  --gold-light: #e2c27d;
  --gold-dim:   #a07838;
  --navy:       #0a0f1e;
  --navy-mid:   #0f1830;
  --navy-card:  #111b35;
  --navy-glass: rgba(15, 24, 48, 0.75);
  --white:      #f0ede8;
  --white-dim:  #b8b4ac;
  --white-soft: rgba(240, 237, 232, 0.07);
  --border:     rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.18);
  --border-mid: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.35);
  --radius-sm:  8px;
  --radius-md:  16px;
  --radius-lg:  24px;
  --shadow-card: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.45);
  --shadow-glow: 0 0 40px rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.12);
  --ff-serif: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
  --ff-sans:  'Inter', system-ui, sans-serif;
  --ff-arabic:'Amiri', serif;
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
}

/* =========================================
   RESET & BASE
   ========================================= */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 16px; }

body {
  font-family: var(--ff-sans);
  background-color: var(--navy);
  color: var(--white);
  line-height: 1.7;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

a { color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.25s; }
a:hover { color: var(--gold-light); }

img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

/* =========================================
   SCROLLBAR
   ========================================= */
::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: var(--navy); }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--gold-dim); border-radius: 3px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: var(--gold); }

/* =========================================
   UTILITIES
   ========================================= */
.container {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 28px;
}

/* Reveal animation */
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(36px);
  transition: opacity 0.7s var(--ease), transform 0.7s var(--ease);
}
.reveal.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* =========================================
   TOP BAR (Visitor Counter)
   ========================================= */
#top-bar {
  background: var(--navy-mid);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  height: 36px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 101; /* Above navbar background initially */
}
.top-container {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 28px;
  width: 100%;
}
.visitor-counter {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.visitor-num {
  color: var(--gold-light);
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.1);
  padding: 2px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

/* =========================================
   ARTICLE TEASER BANNER
   ========================================= */
#article-banner {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0c1428 0%, #0f1c38 40%, #0a1222 100%);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 40px 0 48px;
}
#article-banner::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 70% 80% at 10% 50%, rgba(201,168,76,0.07) 0%, transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 60% at 90% 50%, rgba(30,60,140,0.15) 0%, transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
#article-banner::after {
  content: '"';
  position: absolute;
  top: -20px;
  left: 28px;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 14rem;
  color: rgba(201,168,76,0.06);
  line-height: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
  user-select: none;
}
[dir="rtl"] #article-banner::after {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  left: auto;
  right: 28px;
}
.article-banner-inner {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 28px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 28px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
.article-banner-label {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  padding-top: 4px;
  color: var(--gold);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
  text-orientation: mixed;
  border-right: 2px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-right: 20px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .article-banner-label {
  border-right: none;
  padding-right: 0;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--border-mid);
  padding-left: 20px;
}
.article-banner-label svg {
  writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.article-banner-grid-wrap {
  flex: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 36px;
}
.article-banner-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.article-banner-item .article-banner-cta {
  align-self: flex-start;
  margin-top: auto;
}
.article-banner-title {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.1rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e2c27d 0%, var(--gold) 50%, #f0ede8 100%);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}
.article-banner-excerpts {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.article-excerpt-lead {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  color: var(--white);
  line-height: 1.8;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.article-excerpt-body {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.9;
}
.article-excerpt-body strong {
  color: var(--gold-light);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.article-excerpt-body em {
  color: var(--gold);
  font-style: normal;
}
.article-banner-cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 11px 26px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gold) 0%, var(--gold-dim) 100%);
  color: var(--navy) !important;
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: all 0.3s var(--ease);
  -webkit-text-fill-color: var(--navy) !important;
  text-decoration: none;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(201,168,76,0.25);
}
.article-banner-cta:hover {
  color: var(--navy) !important;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: var(--navy) !important;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 28px rgba(201,168,76,0.40);
  filter: brightness(1.08);
}
.article-banner-cta svg {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: transform 0.3s;
}
[dir="rtl"] .article-banner-cta svg {
  transform: rotate(180deg); /* RTL: arrow points left */
}
[dir="rtl"] .article-banner-title,
[dir="rtl"] .article-excerpt-lead,
[dir="rtl"] .article-excerpt-body,
[dir="rtl"] .article-banner-cta {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .article-banner-label {
    writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
    border-right: none !important;
    border-left: none !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
    flex-direction: row;
    padding-right: 0 !important;
    padding-left: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
  }
  .article-banner-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  .article-banner-grid-wrap {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
  }
  #article-banner::after { font-size: 8rem; }
}

/* =========================================
   NAVBAR
   ========================================= */
#navbar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  padding: 0;
  background: rgba(10, 15, 30, 0.92);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  transition: background 0.4s, backdrop-filter 0.4s, box-shadow 0.4s, padding 0.35s;
}
#navbar.scrolled {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}

.nav-container {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 20px 28px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  transition: padding 0.35s;
}
#navbar.scrolled .nav-container { padding: 14px 28px; }

.nav-brand {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1.2;
}
.brand-en {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold);
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}
.brand-ar {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  direction: rtl;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  gap: 8px;
}
.nav-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: color 0.25s, background 0.25s;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.nav-link:hover, .nav-link.active {
  color: var(--gold);
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.1);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 4px;
}
.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 24px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--gold);
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: transform 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;
}

/* =========================================
   HERO
   ========================================= */
#hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 120px 28px 80px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-bg-pattern {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 80% 60% at 50% 0%, rgba(201,168,76,0.10) 0%, transparent 70%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 50% at 80% 80%, rgba(30,50,120,0.25) 0%, transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 40% 40% at 10% 90%, rgba(201,168,76,0.06) 0%, transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Animated grid overlay */
.hero-bg-pattern::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(rgba(201,168,76,0.04) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(201,168,76,0.04) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 60px 60px;
  mask-image: radial-gradient(ellipse 70% 70% at 50% 40%, black 0%, transparent 80%);
}

.hero-glow {
  position: absolute;
  top: -20%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 600px;
  height: 600px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(201,168,76,0.08) 0%, transparent 70%);
  pointer-events: none;
  animation: pulseGlow 6s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}
@keyframes pulseGlow {
  from { opacity: 0.6; transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1); }
  to   { opacity: 1;   transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1.15); }
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  max-width: 860px;
}

.hero-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 6px 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  border-radius: 100px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold);
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.08);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.hero-name {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5.5rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.05;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.name-en {
  display: block;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0ede8 0%, var(--gold-light) 40%, var(--gold) 70%, #e2c27d 100%);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}
.name-ar {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 0.55em;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  margin-top: 8px;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: var(--gold-dim);
}

.hero-title {
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.2rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.hero-institution {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  margin-bottom: 56px;
}

.hero-stats {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 20px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.stat-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 20px 28px;
  background: var(--navy-glass);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  min-width: 120px;
  transition: border-color 0.3s, transform 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
}
.stat-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-mid);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-glow);
}

.stat-num {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 2.4rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold);
  line-height: 1;
}
.stat-plus {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--gold);
  line-height: 1;
  align-self: flex-start;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.stat-label {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 8px;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.stat-num + .stat-plus + .stat-label,
.stat-num + .stat-label {
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.stat-card > .stat-num, .stat-card > .stat-plus { display: inline; }

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 13px 30px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  transition: all 0.3s var(--ease);
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
}
.btn-primary {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gold) 0%, var(--gold-dim) 100%);
  color: var(--navy);
}
.btn-primary:hover {
  color: var(--navy);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(201,168,76,0.35);
  filter: brightness(1.08);
}
.btn-outline {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--gold);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border-mid);
}
.btn-outline:hover {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.1);
  color: var(--gold-light);
  border-color: var(--gold);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.btn-cv {
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.15);
  color: var(--gold-light);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border-mid);
}
.btn-cv:hover {
  background: var(--gold);
  color: var(--navy);
  border-color: var(--gold);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(201,168,76,0.3);
}

.hero-scroll-hint {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 32px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  opacity: 0.6;
  animation: fadeInUp 1s 1.5s both;
}
@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(16px); }
  to   { opacity: 0.6; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); }
}
.scroll-arrow {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  border-right: 2px solid var(--gold-dim);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold-dim);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  animation: bounce 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}
@keyframes bounce {
  0%, 100% { transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(0); }
  50%       { transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(5px); }
}

/* =========================================
   SECTION SHARED
   ========================================= */
section {
  padding: 100px 0;
  position: relative;
}

section:nth-child(even) {
  background: var(--navy-mid);
}

.section-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 64px;
}
.section-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.section-title {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.8rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.section-line {
  width: 56px;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--gold), var(--gold-dim));
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.section-subtitle {
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  max-width: 600px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

/* =========================================
   ABOUT
   ========================================= */
.about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 340px;
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: start;
}

.about-text p {
  color: var(--white-dim);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  font-size: 1rem;
}
.about-text p strong { color: var(--white); }
.about-text p em { color: var(--gold-light); font-style: italic; }
.about-lead {
  font-size: 1.08rem !important;
  color: var(--white) !important;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.research-areas { margin-top: 36px; }
.research-areas h3 {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--gold);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}
.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.tag {
  padding: 6px 14px;
  background: var(--white-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 100px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  transition: background 0.25s, border-color 0.25s, color 0.25s;
}
.tag:hover {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.12);
  border-color: var(--gold-dim);
  color: var(--gold-light);
}

/* Profile card */
.about-card {
  position: sticky;
  top: 100px;
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 36px 28px;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card), 0 0 0 1px rgba(201,168,76,0.05) inset;
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s;
}
.about-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-card), var(--shadow-glow); }

.profile-avatar {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 3px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 6px rgba(201,168,76,0.15), 0 12px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 0 auto 20px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--navy-card);
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.profile-avatar:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 8px rgba(201,168,76,0.25), 0 16px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
  transform: scale(1.03);
}
.profile-avatar::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: -6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1.5px solid rgba(201,168,76,0.35);
  animation: rotateBorder 8s linear infinite;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.profile-photo {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: block;
}
@keyframes rotateBorder {
  from { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  to   { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

.profile-name {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  direction: rtl;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.profile-role {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  direction: rtl;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.profile-info-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.info-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-size: 0.83rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  text-align: left;
}
.info-item svg { flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--gold-dim); }

.profile-links { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
.social-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  background: var(--white-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  transition: all 0.25s;
}
.social-link:hover {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.12);
  border-color: var(--gold-dim);
  color: var(--gold);
}

/* =========================================
   EDUCATION TIMELINE
   ========================================= */
.timeline {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 40px;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.timeline::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 12px;
  top: 8px;
  bottom: 8px;
  width: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--gold), var(--border), var(--border), transparent);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.timeline-item {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 0 48px 36px;
}
.timeline-item:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; }

.timeline-marker {
  position: absolute;
  left: -40px;
  top: 6px;
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--navy);
  border: 2.5px solid var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(201,168,76,0.3);
  transform: translateX(5px);
  transition: background 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
}
.timeline-item:hover .timeline-marker {
  background: var(--gold);
  box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(201,168,76,0.5);
}

.timeline-content {
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 28px 32px;
  transition: border-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.timeline-item:hover .timeline-content {
  border-color: var(--border-mid);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.timeline-year {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold);
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.1);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 100px;
  padding: 3px 12px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.timeline-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.timeline-institution {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-style: italic;
}
.timeline-content p:last-child {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* =========================================
   PUBLICATIONS
   ========================================= */
.pub-filters {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}
.filter-btn {
  padding: 8px 20px;
  border-radius: 100px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.25s;
  font-family: var(--ff-sans);
}
.filter-btn:hover, .filter-btn.active {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.12);
  border-color: var(--gold);
  color: var(--gold);
}

.pub-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(340px, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
}

.pub-card {
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 24px 24px 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
  cursor: default;
  transition: border-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.3s, opacity 0.4s;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.pub-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0;
  width: 3px;
  height: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--gold), var(--gold-dim));
  border-radius: 2px 0 0 2px;
  transition: height 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.pub-card:hover::before { height: 100%; }
.pub-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-mid);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}
.pub-card.hidden {
  display: none;
}

.pub-number {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: rgba(201,168,76,0.15);
  line-height: 1;
}

.pub-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--white);
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.pub-journal {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
}
.pub-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 6px;
}
.pub-tags span {
  padding: 3px 10px;
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.08);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 100px;
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
}

/* =========================================
   BOOKS
   ========================================= */
.books-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(440px, 1fr));
  gap: 32px;
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.book-card {
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transition: border-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.book-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-mid);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card), var(--shadow-glow);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.book-spine {
  width: 8px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--gold), var(--gold-dim));
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.book-cover {
  width: 100px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(201,168,76,0.12), rgba(201,168,76,0.03));
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.book-info {
  padding: 28px 28px 28px 24px;
  flex: 1;
}
.book-info h3 {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--white);
  line-height: 1.45;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.book-publisher {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  font-style: italic;
}
.book-meta {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  opacity: 0.7;
}
.book-desc {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* =========================================
   SUPERVISION
   ========================================= */
.supervision-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.thesis-card {
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 28px 28px 24px;
  position: relative;
  transition: border-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.thesis-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-mid);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.thesis-status {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 4px 14px;
  border-radius: 100px;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.thesis-status.defended {
  background: rgba(72,199,142,0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(72,199,142,0.3);
  color: #48c78e;
}
.thesis-status.registered {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.1);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--gold);
}

.thesis-student {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.ar-name {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  direction: rtl;
}

.thesis-title {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  font-style: italic;
}

.thesis-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.thesis-meta span {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
}

/* =========================================
   CONTACT
   ========================================= */
.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.contact-card {
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 28px 24px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
  transition: border-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.contact-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-mid);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card), var(--shadow-glow);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.contact-icon {
  width: 54px;
  height: 54px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.1);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--gold);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: background 0.3s, border-color 0.3s;
}
.contact-card:hover .contact-icon {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.18);
  border-color: var(--gold-dim);
}

.contact-details {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  min-width: 0;
}
.contact-label {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
}
.contact-value {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  word-break: break-all;
  transition: color 0.25s;
}
a.contact-value:hover { color: var(--gold); }

/* =========================================
   FOOTER
   ========================================= */
#footer {
  background: var(--navy);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding: 56px 0 40px;
}

.footer-content {
  text-align: center;
}
.footer-name {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.footer-name-ar {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  direction: rtl;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.footer-role, .footer-institution {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.footer-divider {
  width: 48px;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--gold), transparent);
  margin: 28px auto;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.footer-copy {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: rgba(184,180,172,0.45);
}

/* =========================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ========================================= */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .about-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .about-card {
    position: static;
    max-width: 420px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  .books-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .nav-links {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: var(--navy-mid);
    padding: 80px 28px 40px;
    gap: 6px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    z-index: 90;
  }
  .nav-links.open { display: flex; }
  .nav-link { font-size: 1rem; padding: 12px 18px; }
  .nav-toggle { display: flex; }

  .hero-stats { gap: 12px; }
  .stat-card { min-width: 100px; padding: 16px 18px; }

  .pub-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .supervision-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .timeline { padding-left: 28px; }
  .timeline-content { padding: 20px 22px; }

  .book-card { flex-direction: column; }
  .book-cover { width: 100%; height: 90px; border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
  .book-spine { width: 100%; height: 6px; }
}

/* =========================================
   RESPONSIVE — TABLET & MOBILE
   ========================================= */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .about-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px;
    gap: 36px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .about-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .about-card {
    position: static;
    max-width: 440px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  .books-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .hero-stats { gap: 14px; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  /* Nav */
  .nav-links {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: rgba(10,15,30,0.97);
    padding: 80px 24px 40px;
    gap: 4px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    z-index: 90;
    backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
  }
  .nav-links.open { display: flex; }
  .nav-link { font-size: 1.05rem; padding: 13px 18px; }
  .nav-toggle { display: flex; }
  .lang-btn { font-size: 0.75rem; padding: 6px 12px; }

  /* Hero */
  .hero-name { font-size: clamp(2rem, 8vw, 3rem); }
  .hero-title { font-size: 0.95rem; }
  .hero-stats { gap: 10px; }
  .stat-card { min-width: 90px; padding: 14px 16px; }
  .stat-num { font-size: 1.9rem; }
  .stat-plus { font-size: 1.1rem; }
  .stat-label { font-size: 0.7rem; }
  .hero-actions { gap: 12px; }

  /* Sections */
  section { padding: 70px 0; }
  .section-title { font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 5vw, 2rem); }

  /* Profile photo */
  .profile-avatar { width: 130px; height: 130px; }

  /* Publications */
  .pub-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pub-filters { gap: 8px; }
  .filter-btn { padding: 7px 14px; font-size: 0.8rem; }

  /* Timeline */
  .timeline { padding-left: 28px; }
  .timeline-content { padding: 20px 20px; }

  /* Supervision */
  .supervision-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  /* Contact */
  .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

  /* Books */
  .book-card { flex-direction: column; }
  .book-cover { width: 100%; height: 90px; border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
  .book-spine { width: 100%; height: 6px; border-radius: 0; }

  /* About card */
  .about-grid { gap: 40px; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .container { padding: 0 16px; }
  .hero-name { font-size: 2rem; }
  .name-ar { font-size: 0.6em; }
  .hero-stats { flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; gap: 10px; }
  .stat-card { min-width: calc(50% - 12px); flex: 1; }
  .hero-actions { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }
  .btn { width: 100%; justify-content: center; max-width: 300px; }
  .hero-badge { font-size: 0.68rem; padding: 5px 14px; }
  .section-title { font-size: 1.5rem; }
  .timeline-content { padding: 16px 16px; }
  .timeline-content h3 { font-size: 1rem; }
  .pub-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .book-info h3 { font-size: 1rem; }
  .nav-container { padding: 16px 16px; }
  .profile-avatar { width: 120px; height: 120px; }
  .about-card { padding: 28px 20px; }
  .contact-card { padding: 20px 16px; gap: 14px; }
  .footer-name { font-size: 1.15rem; }
}

/* RTL mobile overrides */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  [dir="rtl"] .nav-links { flex-direction: column; }
  [dir="rtl"] .timeline { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 28px; }
  [dir="rtl"] .book-card { flex-direction: column; }
  [dir="rtl"] .book-cover { border-left: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
  [dir="rtl"] .book-spine { width: 100%; height: 6px; border-radius: 0; }
}

/* =========================================
   LANGUAGE TOGGLE BUTTON
   ========================================= */
.lang-btn {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
  padding: 7px 16px;
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.08);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border-mid);
  border-radius: 100px;
  color: var(--gold);
  font-family: var(--ff-sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.25s;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.lang-btn:hover {
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.18);
  border-color: var(--gold);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(201,168,76,0.2);
}
.lang-sep {
  opacity: 0.4;
  margin: 0 3px;
}

/* =========================================
   ARABIC (RTL) OVERRIDES
   ========================================= */
[dir="rtl"] body {
  font-family: var(--ff-arabic);
}

/* Navbar RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .nav-brand { text-align: right; }
[dir="rtl"] .brand-en { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .nav-links { flex-direction: row-reverse; }
[dir="rtl"] .nav-link  { letter-spacing: 0; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); font-size: 1rem; }

/* Hero RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .hero-badge { letter-spacing: 0; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .hero-title { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .hero-institution { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); flex-direction: row-reverse; }
[dir="rtl"] .stat-label { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .btn { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .hero-scroll-hint span { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }

/* About RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .about-grid { direction: rtl; }
[dir="rtl"] .about-text p { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); line-height: 2; }
[dir="rtl"] .research-areas h3 { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .tags { justify-content: flex-end; }
[dir="rtl"] .tag { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .profile-name { font-size: 1.5rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .profile-role { font-size: 1rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .info-item { flex-direction: row-reverse; text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .social-link { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); flex-direction: row-reverse; letter-spacing: 0; }

/* Section headers RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .section-tag   { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .section-title { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .section-subtitle { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); line-height: 1.9; }

/* Timeline RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .timeline {
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 40px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .timeline::before {
  left: auto;
  right: 12px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .timeline-item { padding: 0 36px 48px 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .timeline-item:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; }

[dir="rtl"] .timeline-marker {
  left: auto;
  right: -40px;
  transform: translateX(-5px);
}
[dir="rtl"] .timeline-item:hover .timeline-content { transform: translateX(-4px); }

[dir="rtl"] .timeline-year   { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .timeline-content h3 { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); text-align: right; }
[dir="rtl"] .timeline-institution { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); font-style: normal; }
[dir="rtl"] .timeline-content p:last-child { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); line-height: 2; }

/* Publications RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .filter-btn { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .pub-card { direction: rtl; }
[dir="rtl"] .pub-card::before { left: auto; right: 0; border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .pub-content h3  { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .pub-journal     { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .pub-tags        { justify-content: flex-end; }
[dir="rtl"] .pub-tags span   { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }

/* Books RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .book-card { direction: rtl; flex-direction: row-reverse; }
[dir="rtl"] .book-spine { border-radius: 0 var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg) 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .book-cover { border-right: none; border-left: 1px solid var(--border); }
[dir="rtl"] .book-info h3      { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .book-publisher    { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); font-style: normal; }
[dir="rtl"] .book-meta         { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .book-desc         { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); line-height: 2; }

/* Supervision RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .thesis-card { direction: rtl; }
[dir="rtl"] .thesis-status { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .thesis-student { flex-direction: row-reverse; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .thesis-title { text-align: right; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); font-style: normal; }
[dir="rtl"] .thesis-meta span { flex-direction: row-reverse; font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }

/* Contact RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .contact-card { flex-direction: row-reverse; }
[dir="rtl"] .contact-label { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); letter-spacing: 0; }
[dir="rtl"] .contact-value { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); word-break: normal; }
[dir="rtl"] .contact-details { align-items: flex-end; }

/* Footer RTL */
[dir="rtl"] .footer-content { direction: rtl; }
[dir="rtl"] .footer-role, [dir="rtl"] .footer-institution { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }
[dir="rtl"] .footer-copy { font-family: var(--ff-arabic); }

/* Mobile RTL nav */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  [dir="rtl"] .nav-links { flex-direction: column; }
  [dir="rtl"] .timeline { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 28px; }
  [dir="rtl"] .book-card { flex-direction: column; }
  [dir="rtl"] .book-cover { border-left: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
  [dir="rtl"] .book-spine { width: 100%; height: 6px; border-radius: var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg) 0 0; }
}
/* Leadership Card Button Refinement */
.book-info .btn-cv {
  align-self: flex-start;
  margin-top: 8px;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}
[dir="rtl"] .book-info .btn-cv {
  align-self: flex-end;
}

/* Citation Box Styling */
.citation-box {
  margin-top: 16px;
  padding: 12px;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  border-left: 2px solid var(--gold-dim);
  border-radius: 4px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .citation-box {
  border-left: none;
  border-right: 2px solid var(--gold-dim);
}
.citation-label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.citation-text {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin: 0;
  word-break: break-word;
}
.btn-small {
  padding: 8px 16px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}
.highlight-card {
  border-color: var(--gold-dim);
  box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.1);
}

/* Reviewed Card & Badge */
.reviewed-card {
  position: relative;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--gold-mid);
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, var(--navy-mid), var(--navy-dark));
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 0 20px rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.05);
}
.reviewed-badge {
  position: absolute;
  top: 15px;
  right: 20px;
  background: var(--gold);
  color: var(--navy-dark);
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  z-index: 5;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
[dir="rtl"] .reviewed-badge {
  right: auto;
  left: 20px;
}

/* Copy Citation Button */
.copy-cite-btn {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  margin-top: 10px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid var(--gold-dim);
  border-radius: 4px;
  color: var(--gold);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
.copy-cite-btn:hover {
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.2);
  border-color: var(--gold);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.copy-cite-btn.copied {
  background: #10b98120;
  border-color: #10b981;
  color: #10b981;
}
.copy-cite-btn svg {
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* Leadership Section Enhancements */
.leadership-img-wrapper {
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--gold-dim);
  box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
  background: var(--navy-dark);
  max-height: 200px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.leadership-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}
.book-card:hover .leadership-img {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

.btn-group-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 15px;
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .btn-group-row {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

/* =========================================
   ANNOUNCEMENTS SECTION
   ========================================= */
.announcements-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .announcements-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
  }
}

.startup-card {
  max-width: 800px;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  gap: 32px;
  background: var(--navy-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.5), var(--shadow-glow);
}

.startup-text {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.startup-topic {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  padding: 12px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--white-soft);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--white-soft);
}

.startup-support {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  font-style: italic;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.btn-small {
  padding: 10px 20px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

[dir="rtl"] .startup-card {
  flex-direction: row-reverse;
  text-align: right;
}

[dir="rtl"] .startup-card .book-icon svg {
  transform: scaleX(-1);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .startup-card {
    flex-direction: column !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }
  .startup-card .book-cover {
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
  }
}

/* =========================================
   FACULTY EVENTS — GUEST CARD
   ========================================= */
.event-card {
  border-color: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.35);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy-card) 0%, rgba(15,24,48,0.95) 100%);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.event-card::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--gold), var(--gold-dim), var(--gold));
  border-radius: var(--radius-md) var(--radius-md) 0 0;
}
.event-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--gold);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card), 0 0 50px rgba(201,168,76,0.18);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}
.event-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  color: var(--gold);
  background: rgba(201,168,76,0.1);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-mid);
  border-radius: 100px;
  padding: 4px 14px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.event-series {
  font-family: var(--ff-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--gold-light);
  font-style: italic;
  margin-bottom: 8px !important;
}
.event-lecture {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--white);
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.event-lecture em {
  color: var(--gold-light);
  font-style: italic;
}
.event-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--gold-dim);
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}
.event-meta svg { flex-shrink: 0; }
.event-desc {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-dim);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 20px !important;
}
.event-desc strong { color: var(--white); }
.event-desc em { color: var(--gold-light); }

/* RTL adjustments */
[dir="rtl"] .event-meta {
  flex-direction: row-reverse;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}
[dir="rtl"] .event-meta svg {
  margin-right: 0;
  margin-left: 5px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .event-badge,
[dir="rtl"] .event-series,
[dir="rtl"] .event-lecture,
[dir="rtl"] .event-desc {
  text-align: right;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .event-card {
    flex-direction: column !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }
  .event-card .book-cover {
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
  }
  .event-meta {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}